Education
47 child terms
 Broadly speaking, education refers to any act or experience that has a formative effect on an individual's mind, character, or physical ability.
In its technical sense, education is the formal process by which society, through schools, colleges, universities and other institutions, deliberately transmits its cultural heritage and its accumulated knowledge, values and skills to the next generation. Source: EU commission (Eurostat) 2016, Europe
Organisation: | European Union Commission , Europe |
Source: | Education and training glossary (Online repository (Accessed in January 2016)) |
Description: | The Glossary contains short definitions of all terms used in 'Statistics Explained'[...]
Statistics Explained is:
* an encyclopaedia on European Union statistics;
* a portal to further information for occasional and for regular users;
* a statistical glossary.Website Eurostat |
 The gradual process by which a person gains knowledge and understanding through learning. Source: Ministry of Labour 2005, Jordan
Organisation: | Ministry of Labour, VTC, Department of statistics, national Centre of Human Resources, Jordan |
Source: | Glossary of selected Terminology: The labour market And vocational education and training Occupational safety and health The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (2005 - Not available online) |
Description: | Glossary requested by the Ministry of labour of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan – as part of its activities to foster capacity building. It was assisted in this task by the International Training Centre (ILO, Turin). The International Training Centre worked in collaboration with the local expert Ahmed Mustafa. The expert was responsible for the coordination of the project, ensuring constant communication and collaboration between the concerned authorities in Jordan, especially the following:
-Ministry of labour.
-VTC (Vocational training centers).
-Department of statistics.
-National Centre for human resources development/Al Manar-information system project development human resources
(Adapted translation of the glossarys introduction) |
 The process by which societies deliberately transmit their accumulated information, knowledge, understanding, attitudes, values, skills, competencies and behaviours across generations. It involves communication designed to bring about learning. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
 (1) The process of imparting awareness, knowledge, skills and attitudes or behaviors; (2) the field of study concerned with teaching and learning. (Definition also used by Queensland government) Source: Wahba 2013, Global
Organisation: | Moustafa Wahba (TVET consultant), Egypt |
Source: | TVET glossary MW (2013) |
Description: | The Egyptian TVET expert Moustafa Wahba developed a glossary based on his own experience as a consultant in TVET. Moustafa Wahba (UNEVOC e-Forum) |
 Education is understood here to mean learning that is deliberate, intentional, purposeful and organized. Source: UNESCO (Rethinking Education) 2015, Global
Organisation: | United Nation Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation , UN |
Source: | Rethinking Education: Towards a global common good? (2015) |
Description: | The main objective of Rethinking Education is to stimulate public policy debate on the purpose of education and the organization of learning in a world of increasing complexity, uncertainty and contradiction.
The publication is a call for dialogue. It is inspired by a humanistic vision of education and development, based on respect for life and human dignity, equal rights, social justice, cultural diversity, international solidarity and shared responsibility for a sustainable future. It proposes that we consider education and knowledge as global common goods, in order to reconcile the purpose and organization of education as a collective societal endeavour in a complex world. UNESCO website |
Child terms
Access to education and trainingConditions, circumstances or requirements (e.g. qualification, education level, skills or work experience, etc.) governing admittance to and participation in education and training institutions or programs. Source: CEDEFOP 2008, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) |
Description: | This multilingual glossary of terms used in education and training policy is intended for researchers and more generally for all those involved in education and training policy. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists; rather it identifies a selection of key terms that are essential for an understanding of current education and training policy in Europe. This glossary is an updated and extended version of the Terminology of vocational training policy, published by Cedefop in 2004. [...]
This glossary was prepared in cooperation with the European Training Foundation (ETF), The European Commission (DG Education and Culture) and Eurydice (The information network on education in Europe). p. 14 (Introduction) |
Adult educationEducation specifically targeting individuals who are regarded as adults by the society to which they belong to improve their technical or professional qualifications, further develop their abilities, enrich their knowledge with the purpose to complete a level of formal education, or to acquire knowledge, skills and competencies in a new field or to refresh or update their knowledge in a particular field. This also includes what may be referred to as ‘continuing education’, ‘recurrent education’ or ‘second chance education’. Source: UNESCO UIS 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) , UN |
Source: | UIS glossary (Continuously updated (Accessed in January 2016) ) |
Description: | The UIS Glossary includes statistical terms related to education, science and technology, culture, and communication.[...][Some] entries provide more detailed information, such as definitions, calculation formulas for indicators and sources. Indicators are marked with an asterisk. Website |
General or vocational education provided for adults after initial education and training for professional and/or personal purposes, and which aims to:
– provide general education for adults in topics of particular interest to them (e. g. in open universities);
– provide compensatory learning in basic skills which individuals may not have acquired earlier in their initial education or training (such as literacy, numeracy) and thus to;
– give access to qualifications not gained, for various reasons, in the initial education and training system;
– acquire, improve or update knowledge, skills or competences in a specific field: this is continuing education and training. Source: CEDEFOP 2008, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) |
Description: | This multilingual glossary of terms used in education and training policy is intended for researchers and more generally for all those involved in education and training policy. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists; rather it identifies a selection of key terms that are essential for an understanding of current education and training policy in Europe. This glossary is an updated and extended version of the Terminology of vocational training policy, published by Cedefop in 2004. [...]
This glossary was prepared in cooperation with the European Training Foundation (ETF), The European Commission (DG Education and Culture) and Eurydice (The information network on education in Europe). p. 14 (Introduction) |
Education programs designed for adults, often incorporating approaches to education which draw on the learner's life or work experiences, involve learners in planning the learning activities and encourage learning in groups as well as more self-directed learning. Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
Education programmes designed for adults that incorporate approaches drawing on the learners’ life and work experience. Source: ILO 2006, Global
This denotes all forms of non-vocational adult learning, whether of a formal, non-formal or informal nature. Source: EU Commission LLP 2007-2013, Europe
Organisation: | European Commission Lifelong Learning Programme , Europe |
Source: | The Lifelong Learning Programme 2007-2013 Glossary (2011) |
Description: | Online glossary of the LLP(Lifelong learning programme)of the European Union.
"The Lifelong Learning Programme (LLP) was designed to enable people, at any stage of their life, to take part in stimulating learning experiences, as well as developing education and training across Europe.
With a budget of nearly €7 billion, the programme, which ran from 2007-2013, funded a range of exchanges, study visits, and networking activities.
The activities of LLP continue under the new Erasmus+ programme from 2014-2020."EU commission Website |
The entire body of organized educational processes, whatever the content, level and method, whether formal or otherwise, whether they prolong or replace initial education in schools, colleges and universities as well as in apprenticeship, whereby persons regarded as adults by the society to which they belong, improve their technical or professional qualifications, further develop their abilities, enrich their knowledge with the purpose: Source: UNESCO UIS (ISCED) 1997, UN
Education provided for adults, often intended for general education rather than vocational education. Source: Ministry of Labour 2005, Jordan
Organisation: | Ministry of Labour, VTC, Department of statistics, national Centre of Human Resources, Jordan |
Source: | Glossary of selected Terminology: The labour market And vocational education and training Occupational safety and health The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (2005 - Not available online) |
Description: | Glossary requested by the Ministry of labour of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan – as part of its activities to foster capacity building. It was assisted in this task by the International Training Centre (ILO, Turin). The International Training Centre worked in collaboration with the local expert Ahmed Mustafa. The expert was responsible for the coordination of the project, ensuring constant communication and collaboration between the concerned authorities in Jordan, especially the following:
-Ministry of labour.
-VTC (Vocational training centers).
-Department of statistics.
-National Centre for human resources development/Al Manar-information system project development human resources
(Adapted translation of the glossarys introduction) |
Basic educationThe whole range of educational activities, taking place in various settings, that aim to meet basic learning needs as defined in the World Declaration on Education for All (Jomtien, Thailand, 1990). According to ISCED standard, basic education comprises primary education (first stage of basic education) and lower secondary education (second stage). It also covers a wide variety of non-formal and informal public and private activities intended to meet the basic learning needs of people of all ages. Source: UNESCO UIS 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) , UN |
Source: | UIS glossary (Continuously updated (Accessed in January 2016) ) |
Description: | The UIS Glossary includes statistical terms related to education, science and technology, culture, and communication.[...][Some] entries provide more detailed information, such as definitions, calculation formulas for indicators and sources. Indicators are marked with an asterisk. Website |
Education and training that takes place in primary and secondary schools, as well as in adult education and training centres. Source: SAQA 2013, South Africa
Organisation: | South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) , South Africa |
Source: | TVET Standard Glossary of Terms (2013) |
Description: | This standard glossary of terms defines and clarifies the core terminology relating to the development and implementation of the South African National Qualifications Framework (NQF).
As a direct result of the many changes in the education and training landscape between 1995 and 2013, a wide range of terminology and definitions have emerged, often causing confusion and leading to ambiguity in the system. This glossary has been developed to bring consistency to the use of terminology in the broader education and training context, including legislation, policy and everyday usage by the public. Website |
Similar to ‘basic skills’ or literacy and numeracy, but suggesting a primary focus on education, and a broad curriculum rather than literacy and numeracy as skills. Source: EU Commission AL 2010, Europe
Organisation: | European Union , Europe |
Source: | European Adult Learning Glossary (2010) |
Description: | This glossary is one output of European Commission project EAC/11/2008, 'Study on European Terminology in Adult Learning for a common language and common understanding and monitoring of the sector'. Work on this study was led by the National Research and Development Centre for Adult Literacy and Numeracy (NRDC), Institute of Education, London in collaboration with colleagues from the Deutsches Institut für Erwachsenenbildung (DIE), the Agence Nationale de Lutte contre l'illetrisme (ANLCI) and the University of Warsaw. Terms listed [...] are presented under six conceptual headings [...]. A seventh grouping representing general theories and concept in adult learning has also been including. The seven groups are: Theories and concepts in adult learning, Adult learning strategy, policy and legislation, adult skills and competences, access to and participation in adult learning, investment in adult learning, quality of adult learning, outcomes and of adult learning. p.2 (About) |
Benefits of education and trainingSocioeconomic added value of education and training. Source: CEDEFOP 2014, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2014) |
Description: | What is the difference between skill gap, skill needs or skill shortage? Is underqualification a synonym for undereducation or underskilling? What is the meaning of green skills?
This multilingual glossary defines 130 key terms used in European education and training policy. An extended and updated version of Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) and Terminology of vocational training policy (2004), it also takes into account new priorities of European Union policy, mainly in skills and competence needs analysis. New definitions have been developed with the cooperation of experts from Cedefop’s research and policy analysis team. Abstract (Website) |
Career educationEducational program conducted in secondary schools to give students informed guidance, counselling and instruction to enable them to make a suitable career choice and to help them prepare for it. Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
Community educationEducation programmes which are community-based and community-directed and intended primarily for the members of the local community.(Definition also used by the government of Queensland) Source: Wahba 2013, Global
Organisation: | Moustafa Wahba (TVET consultant), Egypt |
Source: | TVET glossary MW (2013) |
Description: | The Egyptian TVET expert Moustafa Wahba developed a glossary based on his own experience as a consultant in TVET. Moustafa Wahba (UNEVOC e-Forum) |
Competency-based education (CBE)Competency-based education (CBE) is built on the philosophy that "almost all learners can learn equally well if they receive the kind of instructors they need".[...] Although technical vocational education has always been concerned with the practical demonstration of the skill, CBE places a new and systematic emphasis on this principle. In this approach, the systematic development and delivery of the training is guided by five essential elements:
(i) The tasks to be taught are identified by the experts in the occupation.
(ii) The programme allows each learner to have the opportunity to develop and to be evaluated on the competencies achieved
(iii) Assessment of competency is not only based on knowledge and attitude but primarily on the actual demonstration of the competency
(iv) Occupational standards or unit competency standards should be used as the basis for assessing achievement and students/trainees should be aware of them
(v) Students progress through the programme by demonstrating the attainment of specified competencies
[...] Source: NCTVET 2006, Jamaica
Organisation: | National Council on Technical and Vocational Education and Training( NCTVET) , Jamaica |
Source: | A Coordinator’s Guide to Implementing Competency - Based Education (CBE) In Schools (2006) |
Description: | Note from the TVETipedia staff: This resource can no longer be found on its corporate author's website. It might be out-of-date. Find below the description of the source, as in our archives.
"This guide has been specifically developed for principals, coordinators and teachers associated with introducing competency-based education and training in schools. Several questions are posed, the answers to which guide the implementation of competency-based education and instructional material delivery. Many flexible innovative and creative methodologies emerge from the dynamics of this programme, and sharing best practices will lead to its successful implementation."
|
Compulsory educationThe number of years or age span during which children are legally obliged to attend school. Source: UNESCO UIS 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) , UN |
Source: | UIS glossary (Continuously updated (Accessed in January 2016) ) |
Description: | The UIS Glossary includes statistical terms related to education, science and technology, culture, and communication.[...][Some] entries provide more detailed information, such as definitions, calculation formulas for indicators and sources. Indicators are marked with an asterisk. Website |
The minimal legal standards and duration of obligatory schooling. Source: CEDEFOP 2008, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) |
Description: | This multilingual glossary of terms used in education and training policy is intended for researchers and more generally for all those involved in education and training policy. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists; rather it identifies a selection of key terms that are essential for an understanding of current education and training policy in Europe. This glossary is an updated and extended version of the Terminology of vocational training policy, published by Cedefop in 2004. [...]
This glossary was prepared in cooperation with the European Training Foundation (ETF), The European Commission (DG Education and Culture) and Eurydice (The information network on education in Europe). p. 14 (Introduction) |
Education which individuals are required by law to undertake (i.e 10 years of general education ). Source: Ministry of Labour 2005, Jordan
Organisation: | Ministry of Labour, VTC, Department of statistics, national Centre of Human Resources, Jordan |
Source: | Glossary of selected Terminology: The labour market And vocational education and training Occupational safety and health The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (2005 - Not available online) |
Description: | Glossary requested by the Ministry of labour of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan – as part of its activities to foster capacity building. It was assisted in this task by the International Training Centre (ILO, Turin). The International Training Centre worked in collaboration with the local expert Ahmed Mustafa. The expert was responsible for the coordination of the project, ensuring constant communication and collaboration between the concerned authorities in Jordan, especially the following:
-Ministry of labour.
-VTC (Vocational training centers).
-Department of statistics.
-National Centre for human resources development/Al Manar-information system project development human resources
(Adapted translation of the glossarys introduction) |
Corporate educationEducational programmes or services offered by business and industry, either in-house or cooperatively with a TVET Institution.(Definition also used by Queensland government) Source: Wahba 2013, Global
Organisation: | Moustafa Wahba (TVET consultant), Egypt |
Source: | TVET glossary MW (2013) |
Description: | The Egyptian TVET expert Moustafa Wahba developed a glossary based on his own experience as a consultant in TVET. Moustafa Wahba (UNEVOC e-Forum) |
Correctional educationEducation or training programs provided for persons in correctional institutions, especially as part of rehabilitation programs. Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
Distance educationEducation and training imparted at a distance through communication media: books, radio, TV, telephone, correspondence, computer or video. Source: CEDEFOP 2008, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) |
Description: | This multilingual glossary of terms used in education and training policy is intended for researchers and more generally for all those involved in education and training policy. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists; rather it identifies a selection of key terms that are essential for an understanding of current education and training policy in Europe. This glossary is an updated and extended version of the Terminology of vocational training policy, published by Cedefop in 2004. [...]
This glossary was prepared in cooperation with the European Training Foundation (ETF), The European Commission (DG Education and Culture) and Eurydice (The information network on education in Europe). p. 14 (Introduction) |
A mode of education in which students enrolled in a course do not attend the institution, but study off-campus and may submit assignments by mail or email(also be referred to as: Distance study or Distance learning). Source: UNEVOC/NCVER 2009, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO-UNEVOC, National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , UNESCO/Australia |
Source: | TVET glossary: some key terms (2009) |
Description: | This glossary has been published in the "International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work" (Vol. 1, chapter 5)
"The glossary aims to reflect the terminology found in the recent literature of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) research, policy and practice internationally. The most common and significant terms (including acronyms) are listed and, in some cases, national and regional variations have been included. To maintain an international perspective, other national and international glossaries and thesauri were consulted in conjunction with current TVET literature from around the world. Where definitions have been written by other organizations, the source of that definition is acknowledged. Unattributed definitions were created in-house at the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). For some terms, where, for example, there are regional differences, more than one meaning has been provided." p. 59 (International Handbook of education vol 1) |
The delivery of learning or training to those who are separated mostly by time and space from those who are teaching or training. The teaching is done with a variety of "mediating processes"* used to transmit content, to provide tuition and to conduct assessment or measure outcomes. Source: COL 2003, Global
Distance education describes a set of teaching and learning strategies (or educational methods) that can be used to overcome spatial and temporal separation between educators and students. These strategies or methods can be integrated into any educational programme and potentially used in combination with other teaching and learning strategies in the provision of education (including with strategies that demand that students and educators be together at the same time and/or place). Source: UNESCO/COL 2011, Global
Organisation: | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization/Common Wealth of Learning , Global |
Source: | A basic guide to Open Educational Resources (OER) (2011) |
Description: | This Guide comprises three sections. The first – a summary of the key issues – is presented in the form of a set of ‘Frequently Asked Questions’. Its purpose is to provide readers with a quick and user-friendly introduction to Open Educational Resources (OER) and some of the key issues to think about when exploring how to use OER most effectively. The second section is a more comprehensive analysis of these issues, presented in the form of a traditional research paper. For those who have a deeper interest in OER, this section will assist with making the case for OER more substantively.The third section is a set of appendices, containing more detailed information about specific areas of relevance to OER. These are aimed at people who are looking for substantive information regarding a specific area of interest.Backcover |
Distance Education is a mode of teaching and learning characterized by separation of teacher and learner in time and/or place for most part of the educational transaction, mediated by technology for delivery of learning content with possibility of face-to-face interaction for learner teacher and learner-learner interaction, provision of two-way didactic communication, and acceptance of industrial process for division of labour, and economies of scale. Source: COL 2015, Global
A generic term for modes of education in which the student and the teacher are separated in time and space. It includes online education (with ≥ 80% of the content delivered online) and blended education (with 30-79% of the content delivered online), as well as modes of education using printed material delivered by post and/or other tools for bridging the distance. Source: UNESCO UIL 2016, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning , Germany |
Source: | Closing the Gap-Opportunities for distance education to benefit adult learners in higher education. (2016) |
Description: | The Impact of Distance Education on Adult Learning (IDEAL) has been studied in a joint project between the International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE), the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) and Study Portals (SP). The project examined the interrelations of adult learning, higher education and distance education while analysing if and how higher education institutions contributed to adult learning by means of distance education.
This final report will present a meta analysis[…] in an attempt to answer the central research question:“how can the distance education programmes offered by European higher education institutions be better matched to the needs of adult learners?”
Abstract |
Early leaver from education and training (Early (school) leaver)Early leaver from education and training, previously named early school leaver, generally refers to a person aged 18 to 24 who has finished no more than a lower secondary education and is not involved in further education or training; their number can be expressed as a percentage of the total population aged 18 to 24.
For Eurostat statistical purposes, an early leaver from education and training is operationally defined as a person aged 18 to 24 recorded in the Labour force survey (LFS):
* whose highest level of education or training attained is ISCED 0, 1, 2 or 3c short;
* who received no education or training in the four weeks preceding the survey.
Source: EU commission (Eurostat) 2016, Europe
Organisation: | European Union Commission , Europe |
Source: | Education and training glossary (Online repository (Accessed in January 2016)) |
Description: | The Glossary contains short definitions of all terms used in 'Statistics Explained'[...]
Statistics Explained is:
* an encyclopaedia on European Union statistics;
* a portal to further information for occasional and for regular users;
* a statistical glossary.Website Eurostat |
(Low-achieving school leaver) those who left regular schools or special schools for students with learning disabilities without or with only a lower secondary school degree Source: Solga 2015, International
Education dropout(also simply Dropout) Withdrawal from an education or training programme before its completion. Comments: (a) this term designates both the process (early school leaving) and the persons (early school leavers) who fail to complete a course; (b) besides early school leavers, dropouts may also include learners who have completed education or training but failed the examinations. Source: CEDEFOP 2008, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) |
Description: | This multilingual glossary of terms used in education and training policy is intended for researchers and more generally for all those involved in education and training policy. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists; rather it identifies a selection of key terms that are essential for an understanding of current education and training policy in Europe. This glossary is an updated and extended version of the Terminology of vocational training policy, published by Cedefop in 2004. [...]
This glossary was prepared in cooperation with the European Training Foundation (ETF), The European Commission (DG Education and Culture) and Eurydice (The information network on education in Europe). p. 14 (Introduction) |
Education for all (EFA)The Education for All movement is a global commitment to provide quality basic education for all children, youth and adults. The movement was launched at the World Conference on Education for All in 1990 by UNESCO, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF and the World Bank. Participants endorsed an 'expanded vision of learning' and pledged to universalize primary education and massively reduce illiteracy by the end of the decade 2005-2015. Ten years later, with many countries far from having reached this goal, the international community met again in Dakar, Senegal, and affirmed their commitment to achieving Education for All. They identified six key education goals which aim to meet the learning needs of all children, youth and adults by 2015:
Goal 1: Expand early childhood care and education
Goal 2: Provide free and compulsory primary education for all
Goal 3: Promote learning and life skills for young people and adults
Goal 4: Increase adult literacy by 50 per cent
Goal 5: Achieve gender parity by 2005, gender equality by 2015
Goal 6: Improve the quality of education
TVET particularly contributes to EFA goals 3 and 6 as they relate to life skills. As the lead agency, UNESCO has been mandated to coordinate the international efforts to reach Education for All. Governments, development agencies, civil society, non-government organizations and the media are but some of the partners working toward reaching these goals. Source: UNESCO 2016, Global
Organisation: | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization , UN |
Source: | UNESCO website (Accessed in January 2016) |
Description: | UNESCO website
Definition of Youth:
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/social-and-human-sciences/themes/youth/youth-definition/
Definition of EFA: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all/the-efa-movement/
Definition of ESD: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-sustainable-development/education-for-sustainable-development/
Definition of OER: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/open-educational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/ |
Education for sustainable development (ESD)People in every country of the world must plan for, cope with, and find solutions to issues that threaten the sustainability of our planet. Involving the three spheres of environment, society and economy, education for sustainable development (ESD) can assist people to understand and address the global issues that affect the sustainability of communities and nations. Source: UNEVOC community
Organisation: | UNESCO-UNEVOC International Centre , Global |
Source: | UNEVOC community (2008-2014) |
Description: | Definitions adapted or created by the UNEVOC community through the former TVETipedia project. The UNEVOC community is composed of more than 3000 experts from all around the world. |
Education for sustainable development (ESD) is not a particular programme or project, but is rather an umbrella for many forms of education that already exist, and new ones that remain to be created. ESD promotes efforts to rethink educational programmes and systems (both methods and contents) that currently support unsustainable societies. ESD affects all components of education: legislation, policy, finance, curriculum, instruction, learning, assessment, etc. ESD calls for lifelong learning and recognizes the fact that the educational needs of people change over their lifetime. Many individuals and organizations around the world already implement ESD (e.g. a teacher weaving sustainability themes into primary education using participatory methods; a community development worker raising people’s awareness on rights which are denied to them; or a public health worker training people to draw water from clean sources). There are many programmes using an ESD approach to learning which is critical for achieving sustainability. Source: UNESCO 2016, Global
Organisation: | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization , UN |
Source: | UNESCO website (Accessed in January 2016) |
Description: | UNESCO website
Definition of Youth:
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/social-and-human-sciences/themes/youth/youth-definition/
Definition of EFA: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all/the-efa-movement/
Definition of ESD: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-sustainable-development/education-for-sustainable-development/
Definition of OER: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/open-educational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/ |
Education providerOrganisation that provides education, either as a main or ancillary objective. This can be a public educational institution as well as a private enterprise, non-governmental organization or non-educational public body. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
Education-industry relationshipRelationship between students, educational institutions and industry. Source: UNEVOC/NCVER 2009, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO-UNEVOC, National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , UNESCO/Australia |
Source: | TVET glossary: some key terms (2009) |
Description: | This glossary has been published in the "International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work" (Vol. 1, chapter 5)
"The glossary aims to reflect the terminology found in the recent literature of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) research, policy and practice internationally. The most common and significant terms (including acronyms) are listed and, in some cases, national and regional variations have been included. To maintain an international perspective, other national and international glossaries and thesauri were consulted in conjunction with current TVET literature from around the world. Where definitions have been written by other organizations, the source of that definition is acknowledged. Unattributed definitions were created in-house at the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). For some terms, where, for example, there are regional differences, more than one meaning has been provided." p. 59 (International Handbook of education vol 1) |
Education-work relationshipRelationship between educational programmes or courses of study and status or opportunities in the workforce Source: UNEVOC/NCVER 2009, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO-UNEVOC, National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , UNESCO/Australia |
Source: | TVET glossary: some key terms (2009) |
Description: | This glossary has been published in the "International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work" (Vol. 1, chapter 5)
"The glossary aims to reflect the terminology found in the recent literature of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) research, policy and practice internationally. The most common and significant terms (including acronyms) are listed and, in some cases, national and regional variations have been included. To maintain an international perspective, other national and international glossaries and thesauri were consulted in conjunction with current TVET literature from around the world. Where definitions have been written by other organizations, the source of that definition is acknowledged. Unattributed definitions were created in-house at the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). For some terms, where, for example, there are regional differences, more than one meaning has been provided." p. 59 (International Handbook of education vol 1) |
Educational institutionEstablished institution that provides education as its main purpose, such as a school, college, university or training centre. Such institutions are normally accredited or sanctioned by the relevant national education authorities or equivalent authorities. Educational institutions may also be operated by private organizations, such as religious bodies, specialist interest groups or private educational and training enterprises both for profit and non-profit. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
EducatorAn inclusive term referring to teachers at schools; lecturers at colleges, traditional universities, comprehensive universities, and universities of technology; trainers in workplaces; facilitators, assessors, moderators, and people teaching, educating, training, facilitating or assessing learners across the board. Source: SAQA 2013, South Africa
Organisation: | South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) , South Africa |
Source: | TVET Standard Glossary of Terms (2013) |
Description: | This standard glossary of terms defines and clarifies the core terminology relating to the development and implementation of the South African National Qualifications Framework (NQF).
As a direct result of the many changes in the education and training landscape between 1995 and 2013, a wide range of terminology and definitions have emerged, often causing confusion and leading to ambiguity in the system. This glossary has been developed to bring consistency to the use of terminology in the broader education and training context, including legislation, policy and everyday usage by the public. Website |
Entrepreneurship education/trainingA training scheme to develop persons for self-employment or for organizing, financing and/or managing an enterprise. Source: TESDA 2010, Philippines
Organisation: | Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) , Philippines |
Source: | TVET glossaries of terms (2010) |
Description: | The Glossary of Terms, 4th edition, provides definitions of TVET terms and terminologies commonly used in education, labor and employment and other TVET related areas in the Philippines.
The complexity of the environment where TVET operates requires regular review and updating of TVET terminologies as systems, standards, processes, policies and programs continue to change. The provision of this glossary is intended to facilitate comprehension and better understanding as we move together in making TVET work for our people and country. p. iii |
Entrepreneurship education has been defined as “a collection of formalized teachings that informs, trains, and educates anyone interested in participating in socioeconomic development through a project to promote entrepreneurship awareness, business creation, or small business development”. [...]
Enterprise education (also called entrepreneurial education on the other hand, is usually conceived more broadly, seeking to foster self-esteem and confidence by drawing on the individual’s talents and creativity, while building the relevant skills and values that will assist students in expanding their perspectives on schooling and opportunities beyond. Methodologies are based on the use of personal, behavioural, motivational, attitudinal and career planning activities. Source: UNESCO/ILO 2006, Global
Organisation: | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization/International Labour Organisation , Global |
Source: | Towards an Entrepreneurial culture for the twenty-first Century. (2006) |
Description: | Definitions on p21-22
"This book is intended for all those interested in youth development as the first step in a long-term strategy for information exchange on innovatory models of education delivery at secondary level. It draws on various experiences around the world and will hopefully generate discussion on questions such as: How can we harness the imagination and entrepreneurial talents of secondary students as assets for development? How should these talents be channelled? What are the contents, subjects, topics that support the entrepreneurial process? What should be the institutional framework for entrepreneurship education? What kind of teachers is needed? How do we systematically measure the performance of entrepreneurship education and training?" p. x (Foreword) |
For the purpose of this guidance, enterprise education is defined as the process of equipping students (or graduates) with an enhanced capacity to generate ideas and the skills to make them happen. Entrepreneurship education equips students with the additional knowledge, attributes and capabilities required to apply these abilities in the context of setting up a new venture or business.
All of this is a prerequisite for entrepreneurial effectiveness, that is, the ability to function effectively as an entrepreneur or in an entrepreneurial capacity, for example within small businesses or as part of 'portfolio careers, where multiple job opportunities, part time work and personal ventures combine'. Enterprise and entrepreneurship are transdisciplinary, with a strong connection to issues of employability, innovation, knowledge transfer, commercialisation, and intellectual property. Source: QAA 2012, UK
The ability to create and build something practically from nothing. It is willingness to take calculated risks and then do everything possible . Source: Ministry of Labour 2005, Jordan
Organisation: | Ministry of Labour, VTC, Department of statistics, national Centre of Human Resources, Jordan |
Source: | Glossary of selected Terminology: The labour market And vocational education and training Occupational safety and health The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (2005 - Not available online) |
Description: | Glossary requested by the Ministry of labour of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan – as part of its activities to foster capacity building. It was assisted in this task by the International Training Centre (ILO, Turin). The International Training Centre worked in collaboration with the local expert Ahmed Mustafa. The expert was responsible for the coordination of the project, ensuring constant communication and collaboration between the concerned authorities in Jordan, especially the following:
-Ministry of labour.
-VTC (Vocational training centers).
-Department of statistics.
-National Centre for human resources development/Al Manar-information system project development human resources
(Adapted translation of the glossarys introduction) |
Evaluation of education and trainingJudgment on the value of an intervention, training programme or policy with reference to criteria and standards (such as its relevance or efficiency). Source: CEDEFOP 2011, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training , Europe |
Source: | Quality in education and training (2011) |
Description: | This glossary is an updated and extended version of Quality in training – La qualité dans la formation, published by Cedefop in 2003. It considers a series of important recent policy developments at European level, including setting up a European qualifications framework for lifelong learning (EQF) and the development of a European credit system for vocational education and training.
It is intended for researchers, experts and all those involved in improving the quality of learning curricula, learning providers and education and training systems. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists.pp. 1-2 |
Formal education and trainingTraining that is given in an orderly, logical, planned and systematic manner in a specially equipped workshop under the guidance of a qualified trainer for a specific period of time in the specified field. Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
Education or training provided in educational institutions, such as schools, universities, colleges, or off-the-job in a workplace, usually involving direction from a teacher or instructor. Source: UNEVOC/NCVER 2009, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO-UNEVOC, National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , UNESCO/Australia |
Source: | TVET glossary: some key terms (2009) |
Description: | This glossary has been published in the "International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work" (Vol. 1, chapter 5)
"The glossary aims to reflect the terminology found in the recent literature of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) research, policy and practice internationally. The most common and significant terms (including acronyms) are listed and, in some cases, national and regional variations have been included. To maintain an international perspective, other national and international glossaries and thesauri were consulted in conjunction with current TVET literature from around the world. Where definitions have been written by other organizations, the source of that definition is acknowledged. Unattributed definitions were created in-house at the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). For some terms, where, for example, there are regional differences, more than one meaning has been provided." p. 59 (International Handbook of education vol 1) |
Learning that occurs within an organized and structured context and which is provided in Educational Institutions such as Universities, Colleges, Schools or provided as Off-the-Job Education and Training in Enterprises’ Training Centres (In-company Training Centres) and Workplaces and usually involving direction from a trainer or instructor or teacher and may lead to a formal recognition (diploma, certificate). Source: Wahba 2013, Global
Organisation: | Moustafa Wahba (TVET consultant), Egypt |
Source: | TVET glossary MW (2013) |
Description: | The Egyptian TVET expert Moustafa Wahba developed a glossary based on his own experience as a consultant in TVET. Moustafa Wahba (UNEVOC e-Forum) |
Education provided in the system of schools, colleges, universities and other formal educational institutions that normally constitutes a continuous ‘ladder’ of full-time education for children and young people, generally beginning at age five to seven and continuing up to 20 or 25 years old.
In some countries, the upper parts of this ‘ladder’ are constituted by organized programmes of joint part-time employment and part-time participation in the regular school and university system: such programmes have come to be known as the ‘dual system’ or equivalent terms in these countries. Source: UNESCO UIS (ISCED) 1997, UN
(Formal education) Education that is institutionalised, intentional and planned through public organizations and recognised private bodies and -in their totality- constitute the formal education system of a country. Formal education programmes are thus recognised as such by the relevant national education authorities or equivalent authorities, e.g any other institution in cooperation with the national or sub-national education authorities. Formal education consists mostly of initial education. Vocational education, special needs education and some parts of adult education are often recognised as being part of the formal education system. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
Further education (FE)Post-secondary education, including higher education, adult education, and vocational education and training (also called: Tertiary education). Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
General educationEducation and training that takes place in primary and secondary schools, as well as in adult education and training centres. Source: SAQA 2013, South Africa
Organisation: | South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) , South Africa |
Source: | TVET Standard Glossary of Terms (2013) |
Description: | This standard glossary of terms defines and clarifies the core terminology relating to the development and implementation of the South African National Qualifications Framework (NQF).
As a direct result of the many changes in the education and training landscape between 1995 and 2013, a wide range of terminology and definitions have emerged, often causing confusion and leading to ambiguity in the system. This glossary has been developed to bring consistency to the use of terminology in the broader education and training context, including legislation, policy and everyday usage by the public. Website |
Education that is designed to develop learners’ general knowledge, skills and competencies and literacy and numeracy skills, often to prepare students for more advanced educational programmes at the same or higher ISCED levels and to lay the foundation for lifelong learning. General educational programmes are typically school- or college-based. General education includes educational programmes that are designed to prepare students for entry into vocational education, but that do not prepare for employment in a particular occupation or trade or class of occupations or trades, nor lead directly to a labour market relevant qualification. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
1. Common areas which all pupils should know and experience.
2. Education which aims to equip people with a broad range of knowledge and skills, usually to enable them to meet their responsibilities as citizens and to enable them to function in their society. Source: Ministry of Labour 2005, Jordan
Organisation: | Ministry of Labour, VTC, Department of statistics, national Centre of Human Resources, Jordan |
Source: | Glossary of selected Terminology: The labour market And vocational education and training Occupational safety and health The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (2005 - Not available online) |
Description: | Glossary requested by the Ministry of labour of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan – as part of its activities to foster capacity building. It was assisted in this task by the International Training Centre (ILO, Turin). The International Training Centre worked in collaboration with the local expert Ahmed Mustafa. The expert was responsible for the coordination of the project, ensuring constant communication and collaboration between the concerned authorities in Jordan, especially the following:
-Ministry of labour.
-VTC (Vocational training centers).
-Department of statistics.
-National Centre for human resources development/Al Manar-information system project development human resources
(Adapted translation of the glossarys introduction) |
Higher educationEducation that normally takes place in public universities and registered private higher education institutions which offer qualifications that meet the requirements of the Higher Education Qualifications Sub-Framework (HEQSF - The sub-framework of the NQF for Higher Education used in South Africa). Source: SAQA 2013, South Africa
Organisation: | South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) , South Africa |
Source: | TVET Standard Glossary of Terms (2013) |
Description: | This standard glossary of terms defines and clarifies the core terminology relating to the development and implementation of the South African National Qualifications Framework (NQF).
As a direct result of the many changes in the education and training landscape between 1995 and 2013, a wide range of terminology and definitions have emerged, often causing confusion and leading to ambiguity in the system. This glossary has been developed to bring consistency to the use of terminology in the broader education and training context, including legislation, policy and everyday usage by the public. Website |
The stage of formal education following the secondary education covering the programs on: a) all courses of study leading to bachelor’s degree, and b) all degree courses of study beyond bachelor’s degree level. Source: TESDA 2010, Philippines
Organisation: | Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) , Philippines |
Source: | TVET glossaries of terms (2010) |
Description: | The Glossary of Terms, 4th edition, provides definitions of TVET terms and terminologies commonly used in education, labor and employment and other TVET related areas in the Philippines.
The complexity of the environment where TVET operates requires regular review and updating of TVET terminologies as systems, standards, processes, policies and programs continue to change. The provision of this glossary is intended to facilitate comprehension and better understanding as we move together in making TVET work for our people and country. p. iii |
Post-secondary education offered by a university or other recognized higher education institution, or through Open Learning, leading to the award of a degree or higher level qualification. (Definition also used by Queensland government) Source: Wahba 2013, Global
Organisation: | Moustafa Wahba (TVET consultant), Egypt |
Source: | TVET glossary MW (2013) |
Description: | The Egyptian TVET expert Moustafa Wahba developed a glossary based on his own experience as a consultant in TVET. Moustafa Wahba (UNEVOC e-Forum) |
Tertiary education that is of a higher academic level than secondary education, usually requiring a minimum level of admission and successful completion of secondary education. Source: Ministry of Labour 2005, Jordan
Organisation: | Ministry of Labour, VTC, Department of statistics, national Centre of Human Resources, Jordan |
Source: | Glossary of selected Terminology: The labour market And vocational education and training Occupational safety and health The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (2005 - Not available online) |
Description: | Glossary requested by the Ministry of labour of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan – as part of its activities to foster capacity building. It was assisted in this task by the International Training Centre (ILO, Turin). The International Training Centre worked in collaboration with the local expert Ahmed Mustafa. The expert was responsible for the coordination of the project, ensuring constant communication and collaboration between the concerned authorities in Jordan, especially the following:
-Ministry of labour.
-VTC (Vocational training centers).
-Department of statistics.
-National Centre for human resources development/Al Manar-information system project development human resources
(Adapted translation of the glossarys introduction) |
Education at ISCED level 5 or above Source: EU commission (NRDC) 2011, Europe
Organisation: | National Research and Development Centre for adult literacy and numeracy (commissioned by the EU) , Europe |
Source: | European Adult Learning Glossary level 1 (2011) |
Description: | This glossary is one output of European Commission project EAC/11/2008, 'Study on European Terminology in Adult Learning for a common language and common understanding and monitoring of the sector'. Two glossaries have been produced in the course of this project. The glossary presented here –the Level 1 glossary –is intended to be a practical reference tool for policy-makers and administrators that will enable better communication between the Member States.[...]
Work on this study was led by the National Research and Development Centre for Adult Literacy and Numeracy (NRDC) at the Institute of Education, University of London, and carried out in collaboration with colleagues from the Deutsches Institut für Erwachsenenbildung (DIE) in Bonn, the Agence Nationale de Lutte congtre L'illetrisme (ANLCI) in Lyon, the University of Sheffield, and the University of Warsaw. pp. 2-3 (About) |
Initial educationFormal education of individuals before their first entrance to the labour market, i.e. when they will normally be in full-time education. It thus targets individuals who are regarded as children, youth and young adults by the society to which they belong. It is typically provided by educational institutions in a continuous educational pathway. Source: UNESCO UIS 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) , UN |
Source: | UIS glossary (Continuously updated (Accessed in January 2016) ) |
Description: | The UIS Glossary includes statistical terms related to education, science and technology, culture, and communication.[...][Some] entries provide more detailed information, such as definitions, calculation formulas for indicators and sources. Indicators are marked with an asterisk. Website |
International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED)A classification system that provides a framework for the comprehensive statistical description of national educational systems and a methodology that translates national educational programmes into internationally comparable levels of education. The basic unit of classification in ISCED is the educational programme. ISCED also classifies programmes by field of study, programme orientation and destination. Source: UNESCO 1984, Global
Organisation: | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) , UN |
Source: | Terminology of Technical and Vocational Education (1984) |
Description: | This publication is a practical terminology in the field of technical and vocational education for the purposes of international communication. After use of the original English/French version for over five years in numerous regional and international meetings, conferences, seminars and workshops held in those two languages, it was felt that publication of the guide in additional international languages would permit Unesco to contribute further to a better understanding in Member States of the Revised Recommendation concerning Technical and Vocational Education (1974), would facilitate the implementation of this instrument and would foster a more effective exchange of information in the field of technical and vocational education.UNESDOC |
The International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED 2011) provides a comprehensive framework for organising education programmes and qualification by applying uniform and internationally agreed definitions to facilitate comparisons of education systems across countries. ISCED is a widely-used a global reference classification for education systems that is maintained and periodically revised by the UIS in consultation with Member States and other international and regional organizations. ISCED 2011 is the second major revision of this classification (initially developed in the 1970s and revised in 1997). It was adopted by the UNESCO General Conference in November 2011. Source: UNESCO UIS 2012, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics , UN |
Source: | International Standard Classification of Education ISCED 2011 (2012) |
Description: | As national education systems vary in terms of structure and curricular content, it can be difficult to benchmark performance across countries over time or monitor progress towards national and international goals. In order to understand and properly interpret the inputs, processes and outcomes of education systems from a global perspective, it is vital to ensure that data are comparable. This can be done by applying the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), the standard framework used to categorise and report cross-nationally comparable education statistics.p. 6 |
Migrant education The educational levels covered by this review are pre-school, primary school and secondary school (ISCED 0-3). The main focus is on first- and second-generation migrants enrolled in these levels of education. Following the definition adopted by the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), “first-generation migrants” refers to those children who were born abroad and whose parents were also born abroad, while “second generation migrants” refers to those children who were themselves born inside the receiving country but whose parents were born abroad. By contrast, all children born in the receiving country who have at least one parent who was born inside the country are considered “native”. Source: OECD 2009
Organisation: | Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development , Global |
Source: | What works in Migrant Education? (2009) |
Description: | (Working paper) Migrant students in most OECD countries tend to have lower education outcomes than their native peers. Extensive previous research has described the system level, school level and invididual level factors that influence the education outcomes of migrant students. Building on such previous research, this paper looks at the ways in which education policies can influence theses factors to help provide better educational opportunities for migrant students. Abstract (p. 3)  |
Neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET)The indicator presents the share of young people who are neither in education and training nor in employment, as a percentage of the total number of young people in the corresponding age group. Young people in education include those attending part-time as well as full-time education, but exclude those in non-formal education and in educational activities of very short duration. Employment is defined according to the ILO Guidelines and covers all those who have been in paid work for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey or were temporarily absent from such work. Source: OECD 2014
Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) – calculated as the percentage of the population of a given age group (usually 15-24) who are not employed and not involved in further education or training Source: EU commission (Skills panorama) 2015, Europe
Organisation: | EU skills panorama , Europe |
Source: | Glossary (Online repertory - Accessed in January 2016) |
Description: | Access here the definitions of key skills-related terms and concepts
...
Skills Panorama aims to improve Europe’s capacity to assess and anticipate skill needs to help make education and training systems more responsive to labour market needs and to match better skill supply and demand across Europe. Skills Panorama is brought to you by the European Commission, Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion and powered by Cedefop, the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training.Website |
The indicator young people neither in employment nor in education and training, abbreviated as NEET, corresponds to the percentage of the population of a given age group and sex who is not employed and not involved in further education or training.
The numerator of the indicator refers to persons meeting these two conditions:
* they are not employed (i.e. unemployed or inactive according to the International Labour Organisation definition);
* they have not received any education or training in the four weeks preceding the survey.
The denominator is the total population of the same age group and sex, excluding the respondents who have not answered the question 'participation to regular education and training' Source: EU commission (Eurostat) 2016, Europe
Organisation: | European Union Commission , Europe |
Source: | Education and training glossary (Online repository (Accessed in January 2016)) |
Description: | The Glossary contains short definitions of all terms used in 'Statistics Explained'[...]
Statistics Explained is:
* an encyclopaedia on European Union statistics;
* a portal to further information for occasional and for regular users;
* a statistical glossary.Website Eurostat |
Non-formal education (NFE)Education that is institutionalized, intentional and planned by an education provider. The defining characteristic of non-formal education is that it is an addition, alternative and/or a complement to formal education within the process of the lifelong learning of individuals. It is often provided to guarantee the right of access to education for all. It caters for people of all ages, but does not necessarily apply a continuous pathway-structure; it may be short in duration and/or low intensity, and it is typically provided in the form of short courses, workshops or seminars. Non-formal education mostly leads to qualifications that are not recognized as formal qualifications by the relevant national educational authorities or to no qualifications at all. Non-formal education can cover programmes contributing to adult and youth literacy and education for out-of-school children, as well as programmes on life skills, work skills, and social or cultural development. Source: UNESCO UIS 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) , UN |
Source: | UIS glossary (Continuously updated (Accessed in January 2016) ) |
Description: | The UIS Glossary includes statistical terms related to education, science and technology, culture, and communication.[...][Some] entries provide more detailed information, such as definitions, calculation formulas for indicators and sources. Indicators are marked with an asterisk. Website |
Education which takes place outside the formal system on either a regular or an intermittent basis. Source: UNESCO 1984, Global
Organisation: | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) , UN |
Source: | Terminology of Technical and Vocational Education (1984) |
Description: | This publication is a practical terminology in the field of technical and vocational education for the purposes of international communication. After use of the original English/French version for over five years in numerous regional and international meetings, conferences, seminars and workshops held in those two languages, it was felt that publication of the guide in additional international languages would permit Unesco to contribute further to a better understanding in Member States of the Revised Recommendation concerning Technical and Vocational Education (1974), would facilitate the implementation of this instrument and would foster a more effective exchange of information in the field of technical and vocational education.UNESDOC |
Organised and systematic learning activity conducted outside the formal education system. Source: ILO 2006, Global
Learning which is embedded in planned activities not explicitly designated as learning (in terms of learning objectives, learning time or learning support). Non-formal learning is intentional from the learner’s point of view. Source: CEDEFOP 2008, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) |
Description: | This multilingual glossary of terms used in education and training policy is intended for researchers and more generally for all those involved in education and training policy. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists; rather it identifies a selection of key terms that are essential for an understanding of current education and training policy in Europe. This glossary is an updated and extended version of the Terminology of vocational training policy, published by Cedefop in 2004. [...]
This glossary was prepared in cooperation with the European Training Foundation (ETF), The European Commission (DG Education and Culture) and Eurydice (The information network on education in Europe). p. 14 (Introduction) |
Any organised and sustained educational activity that does not correspond exactly to the definition of formal education. Non-formal education may therefore take place both within and outside educational institutions, and cater to persons of all ages. Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
Any organized educational activity and training outside the established formal system, that is, intended for specific objectives and to serve identifiable clientele. Source: TESDA 2010, Philippines
Organisation: | Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) , Philippines |
Source: | TVET glossaries of terms (2010) |
Description: | The Glossary of Terms, 4th edition, provides definitions of TVET terms and terminologies commonly used in education, labor and employment and other TVET related areas in the Philippines.
The complexity of the environment where TVET operates requires regular review and updating of TVET terminologies as systems, standards, processes, policies and programs continue to change. The provision of this glossary is intended to facilitate comprehension and better understanding as we move together in making TVET work for our people and country. p. iii |
Non formal education and training: Learning embedded in planned activities that are not explicitly designated as learning, but which contain an important learning element. Source: UNEVOC/NCVER 2009, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO-UNEVOC, National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , UNESCO/Australia |
Source: | TVET glossary: some key terms (2009) |
Description: | This glossary has been published in the "International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work" (Vol. 1, chapter 5)
"The glossary aims to reflect the terminology found in the recent literature of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) research, policy and practice internationally. The most common and significant terms (including acronyms) are listed and, in some cases, national and regional variations have been included. To maintain an international perspective, other national and international glossaries and thesauri were consulted in conjunction with current TVET literature from around the world. Where definitions have been written by other organizations, the source of that definition is acknowledged. Unattributed definitions were created in-house at the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). For some terms, where, for example, there are regional differences, more than one meaning has been provided." p. 59 (International Handbook of education vol 1) |
Non-formal education and training is understood as education and training leading to qualifications which are not directly recognised as such by relevant national education authorities (or equivalent authorities) or not leading to any qualifications at all (although recognition and validation of learning outcomes could then be used and indirectly lead to formal qualifications). This concept is therefore distinguished from formal education and training, which: (a) typically takes place in (or, in the case of formal apprenticeships, dually involve) the system of schools, colleges and universities and other formal education institutions; (b) normally, although not necessarily, constitutes a continuous ladder of education for children and young people; (c) is directly relevant for the determination of the highest level of formal education attained. It is also distinguished from random and informal learning which are not intentional and/or not institutionalised. Source: CEDEFOP (Job learning) 2015, Europe
Online education(also online learning and online training) Learning or training conducted via a computer network e.g. using the internet and the World Wide Web, a local area network (LAN),or an intranet. (Definition also used by Queensland government) Source: Wahba 2013, Global
Organisation: | Moustafa Wahba (TVET consultant), Egypt |
Source: | TVET glossary MW (2013) |
Description: | The Egyptian TVET expert Moustafa Wahba developed a glossary based on his own experience as a consultant in TVET. Moustafa Wahba (UNEVOC e-Forum) |
Most or all of the content (≥ 80%) is delivered via the Internet only. Online education is not synonymous with distance education, even though in many developed countries with extensive Internet access it may be the most widely spread form of distance education. Source: UNESCO UIL 2016, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning , Germany |
Source: | Closing the Gap-Opportunities for distance education to benefit adult learners in higher education. (2016) |
Description: | The Impact of Distance Education on Adult Learning (IDEAL) has been studied in a joint project between the International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE), the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) and Study Portals (SP). The project examined the interrelations of adult learning, higher education and distance education while analysing if and how higher education institutions contributed to adult learning by means of distance education.
This final report will present a meta analysis[…] in an attempt to answer the central research question:“how can the distance education programmes offered by European higher education institutions be better matched to the needs of adult learners?”
Abstract |
OvereducationWorkers have more years of education than the job requires Source: ILO (STATS) 2014, Europe
Organisation: | International Labour Organization , UN |
Source: | Skill mismatch in Europe (2014) |
Description: | This brief is part of the efforts that the ILO Department of Statistics is undertaking to contribute to the statistical understanding and quantification of skills mismatch. The brief provides an overview of approaches to measure skills mismatch, and illustrates two approaches using data from the European Social Survey(ESS).p. 3 (Preface) |
Post-school education and trainingEducation and training opportunities for people who have left school as well as for those adults who may never have been to school but require education opportunities. Source: SAQA 2013, South Africa
Organisation: | South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) , South Africa |
Source: | TVET Standard Glossary of Terms (2013) |
Description: | This standard glossary of terms defines and clarifies the core terminology relating to the development and implementation of the South African National Qualifications Framework (NQF).
As a direct result of the many changes in the education and training landscape between 1995 and 2013, a wide range of terminology and definitions have emerged, often causing confusion and leading to ambiguity in the system. This glossary has been developed to bring consistency to the use of terminology in the broader education and training context, including legislation, policy and everyday usage by the public. Website |
Pre-vocational educationEducation which is mainly designed to introduce participants to the world of work and to prepare them for entry into vocational or technical education programmes. Successful completion of such programmes does not yet lead to a labour-market relevant vocational or technical qualification. For a programme to be considered as pre-vocational or pre-technical education, at least 25% of its content has to be vocational or technical. Source: UNESCO UIS (ISCED) 1997, UN
Education preparing students for the world of work, including counselling on career choices, training in general work skills and habits, and work experience. Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
School-based education(School- or college-based education) Educational activities taking place in institutions established for the education of children and youth in the course of initial education programmes which aim to achieve specific learning objectives through classroom instruction including courses in specialised learning environments (e.g. laboratory, music room, computer room or gym) and group work under the guidance of a teacher or teachers. Students are often grouped by grade, age or level of ability. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
Scientific and technical education and training (STET)Scientific and technical education and training (STET) includes all activities related to
* specialised non-university higher education and training;
* higher education and training leading to a university degree;
* post-graduate and further training;
*organised life-long training
for scientists and engineers.
These activities correspond broadly to ISCED levels 5, 6 and 7. Source: EU commission (Eurostat) 2016, Europe
Organisation: | European Union Commission , Europe |
Source: | Education and training glossary (Online repository (Accessed in January 2016)) |
Description: | The Glossary contains short definitions of all terms used in 'Statistics Explained'[...]
Statistics Explained is:
* an encyclopaedia on European Union statistics;
* a portal to further information for occasional and for regular users;
* a statistical glossary.Website Eurostat |
Second chance educationEducation specifically targeted at individuals who, for a variety of reasons, never attended school or left school either before completion of the level of education in which they were enrolled or completed the level but wish to enter an education programme or occupation for which they are not yet qualified. Participants are often older than the typical target age group for the given ISCED level programme (but not necessarily adults). Sometimes also referred to as 'bridging programmes' or 're-integration programmes'. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
Secondary educationSecondary education provides learning and educational activities building on primary education and preparing for labour market entry, post-secondary non-tertiary education and tertiary education. Broadly speaking, secondary education aims at learning at an intermediate level of complexity. Source: UNESCO IBE 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO International Bureau of Education , UN |
Source: | IBE Glossary of Curriculum Terminology (2013) |
Description: | The main purpose of the UNESCO IBE Glossary of curriculum-related terminology is not to establish standard universally applicable definitions. Rather, it is intended to be a working reference tool that can be used in a range of activities and help to stimulate reflection among all those involved in curriculum development initiatives.
Based on the feedback to the consultation document, a new version of the Glossary has been prepared. The final document has been further revised by a small editorial team comprising: Mr Massimo Amadio and Ms Ruth Creamer, UNESCO IBE; Ms Dakmara Georgescu, Programme Specialist, UNESCO Regional Bureau for Education in the Arab States and Cluster Office (Beirut); Mr Jan Berkvens; Mr Alexandru Crisan (Romania), Lead Education Consultant, World Bank and Kuwait Government Partnership Programme for Education; and Mr Philip Stabback. p.1 (Introduction) |
Secondary education (ISCED levels 2 and 3). Secondary education provides learning and educational activities building on primary education and preparing for labour market entry, post-secondary non-tertiary education and tertiary education. Broadly speaking, secondary education aims at learning at an intermediate level of complexity. ISCED distinguishes between lower and upper secondary education. Source: UNESCO UIS 2011, Global
Special needs educationEducational activity and support designed to address specific needs of disabled children or of children who are failing school for many other reasons that are known to impede optimal progress. Source: CEDEFOP 2008, Europe
Organisation: | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) , Europe |
Source: | Terminology of European education and training policy (2008) |
Description: | This multilingual glossary of terms used in education and training policy is intended for researchers and more generally for all those involved in education and training policy. It does not represent an exhaustive inventory of the terminology used by specialists; rather it identifies a selection of key terms that are essential for an understanding of current education and training policy in Europe. This glossary is an updated and extended version of the Terminology of vocational training policy, published by Cedefop in 2004. [...]
This glossary was prepared in cooperation with the European Training Foundation (ETF), The European Commission (DG Education and Culture) and Eurydice (The information network on education in Europe). p. 14 (Introduction) |
Education designed to facilitate the learning of individuals who, for a wide variety of reasons, require additional support and adaptive pedagogical methods in order to participate and meet learning objectives in an educational programme. Reasons may include (but are not limited to) disadvantages in physical, behavioural, intellectual, emotional and social capacities. Educational programmes in special needs education may follow a similar curriculum as that offered in the parallel regular education system, however they take individuals’ particular needs into account by providing specific resources (e.g. specially trained personnel, equipment, or space) and, if appropriate, modified educational content or learning objectives. These programmes can be offered for individual students within already existing educational programmes, or be offered as a separate class in the same or separate educational institutions. Source: UNESCO UIS 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) , UN |
Source: | UIS glossary (Continuously updated (Accessed in January 2016) ) |
Description: | The UIS Glossary includes statistical terms related to education, science and technology, culture, and communication.[...][Some] entries provide more detailed information, such as definitions, calculation formulas for indicators and sources. Indicators are marked with an asterisk. Website |
Educational activity and support designed to address special education needs. Source: UNEVOC/NCVER 2009, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO-UNEVOC, National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , UNESCO/Australia |
Source: | TVET glossary: some key terms (2009) |
Description: | This glossary has been published in the "International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work" (Vol. 1, chapter 5)
"The glossary aims to reflect the terminology found in the recent literature of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) research, policy and practice internationally. The most common and significant terms (including acronyms) are listed and, in some cases, national and regional variations have been included. To maintain an international perspective, other national and international glossaries and thesauri were consulted in conjunction with current TVET literature from around the world. Where definitions have been written by other organizations, the source of that definition is acknowledged. Unattributed definitions were created in-house at the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER). For some terms, where, for example, there are regional differences, more than one meaning has been provided." p. 59 (International Handbook of education vol 1) |
An educational alternative that focuses on the teaching of students with academic, behavioral, health or physical needs that cannot sufficiently be met using traditional educational techniques. Source: EU Commission LLP 2007-2013, Europe
Organisation: | European Commission Lifelong Learning Programme , Europe |
Source: | The Lifelong Learning Programme 2007-2013 Glossary (2011) |
Description: | Online glossary of the LLP(Lifelong learning programme)of the European Union.
"The Lifelong Learning Programme (LLP) was designed to enable people, at any stage of their life, to take part in stimulating learning experiences, as well as developing education and training across Europe.
With a budget of nearly €7 billion, the programme, which ran from 2007-2013, funded a range of exchanges, study visits, and networking activities.
The activities of LLP continue under the new Erasmus+ programme from 2014-2020."EU commission Website |
Technology-based educationThe term technology-based education:
•refers to systems of teaching and learning in which a technology other than print has a major
role; and
•takes two major forms: stand-alone (for example, computer-assisted learning and computer-managed learning) and conferenced (for example, audio, video or computer) Source: COL 2000, Global
Organisation: | Common Wealth of Learning , Common Wealth |
Source: | An Introduction to Open and Distance Learning (2000) |
Description: | This introduction to open and distance learning was based on introductory materials in COL's "training toolkits." The development of the toolkits, in various topics related to open and distance learning, involved the time and dedication of a number of organisations and individuals. Much of the material was developed by the International Extension College (UK). The impetus and financial support that enabled COL to embark on this undertaking came from the Asian Development Bank.Abstract |
Technology-enhanced educationThe use of information and communication technologies as mediating devices supporting student learning that can include elements of assessment, tutoring, and instruction. It involves a wide set of applications and processes, such as web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual classrooms and learning environments, and digital collaboration. ... Also referred to as ‘e-learning’ (or electronic learning) and ‘digital learning’. Source: UNESCO IBE 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO International Bureau of Education , UN |
Source: | IBE Glossary of Curriculum Terminology (2013) |
Description: | The main purpose of the UNESCO IBE Glossary of curriculum-related terminology is not to establish standard universally applicable definitions. Rather, it is intended to be a working reference tool that can be used in a range of activities and help to stimulate reflection among all those involved in curriculum development initiatives.
Based on the feedback to the consultation document, a new version of the Glossary has been prepared. The final document has been further revised by a small editorial team comprising: Mr Massimo Amadio and Ms Ruth Creamer, UNESCO IBE; Ms Dakmara Georgescu, Programme Specialist, UNESCO Regional Bureau for Education in the Arab States and Cluster Office (Beirut); Mr Jan Berkvens; Mr Alexandru Crisan (Romania), Lead Education Consultant, World Bank and Kuwait Government Partnership Programme for Education; and Mr Philip Stabback. p.1 (Introduction) |
(Technology-rich instruction) Technology-rich instruction – a structured education program that shares the features of traditional instruction, but also has digital enhancements such as electronic whiteboards, broad access to Internet devices, document cameras, digital textbooks, Internet tools, and online lesson plans. The Internet, however, does not deliver the content and instruction, or if it does, the student still lacks control of time, place, path, and/or pace. Source: Staker/Horn 2012, USA
Organisation: | Innosight Institute , USA |
Source: | Classifying K-12 Blended learning (2012) |
Description: | About the corporate author:
"Innosight is a management consulting firm advising enterprises on business strategy. Innosight was founded in 2000 by Harvard Business School professor Clayton M. Christensen and senior partner Mark W. Johnson. Innosight uses methods based on the concept of disruptive innovation, a theory defined by Christensen in his book The Innovator's Dilemma." (Source Wikipedia, as of February 2016)
About the publication:
"the following blended-learning taxonomy and definitions expand upon and refine our previous work in helping to create a shared language for the K–12 blended-learning sector."
p. 1 (Introduction) |
Tertiary educationFormal education beyond secondary education, including higher education, vocational education and training, or other specialist post-secondary education or training. Source: NCVER 2013, Australia
Organisation: | National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) , Australia |
Source: | Glossary of VET (2013 - online version continuously updated, Accessed in Jan. 2016) |
Description: | The language of vocational education and training (VET) is complex and particularly prone to jargon and acronyms. The aim of this glossary is to provide a single up-to-date reference source for definitions of Australian VET-related terms, acronyms and organisations.
The glossary is based on 'A glossary of Australian vocational education and training terms' which was published by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in 2000. New content, sourced from recent NCVER publications, the VOCED database, websites of key Australian VET organisations, other VET glossaries and suggestions from NCVER staff, has been added. Website |
Formal education beyond secondary education, including higher education, vocational education and training, or other specialist post-secondary education or training; sometimes used to refer only to higher education or training. Source: TESDA 2010, Philippines
Organisation: | Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) , Philippines |
Source: | TVET glossaries of terms (2010) |
Description: | The Glossary of Terms, 4th edition, provides definitions of TVET terms and terminologies commonly used in education, labor and employment and other TVET related areas in the Philippines.
The complexity of the environment where TVET operates requires regular review and updating of TVET terminologies as systems, standards, processes, policies and programs continue to change. The provision of this glossary is intended to facilitate comprehension and better understanding as we move together in making TVET work for our people and country. p. iii |
(also referred to as third stage or third level education, post-secondary or further education) formal education following the completion of secondary education, including higher education, vocational education and training, or other specialist post-secondary education or training. Source: Wahba 2013, Global
Organisation: | Moustafa Wahba (TVET consultant), Egypt |
Source: | TVET glossary MW (2013) |
Description: | The Egyptian TVET expert Moustafa Wahba developed a glossary based on his own experience as a consultant in TVET. Moustafa Wahba (UNEVOC e-Forum) |
The education which follows secondary education or its equivalent, and provides the learner with more advanced knowledge and skills than those gained within the secondary system. Source: Ministry of Labour 2005, Jordan
Organisation: | Ministry of Labour, VTC, Department of statistics, national Centre of Human Resources, Jordan |
Source: | Glossary of selected Terminology: The labour market And vocational education and training Occupational safety and health The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (2005 - Not available online) |
Description: | Glossary requested by the Ministry of labour of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan – as part of its activities to foster capacity building. It was assisted in this task by the International Training Centre (ILO, Turin). The International Training Centre worked in collaboration with the local expert Ahmed Mustafa. The expert was responsible for the coordination of the project, ensuring constant communication and collaboration between the concerned authorities in Jordan, especially the following:
-Ministry of labour.
-VTC (Vocational training centers).
-Department of statistics.
-National Centre for human resources development/Al Manar-information system project development human resources
(Adapted translation of the glossarys introduction) |
UndereducationWorkers have less years of education than the job requires Source: ILO (STATS) 2014, Europe
Organisation: | International Labour Organization , UN |
Source: | Skill mismatch in Europe (2014) |
Description: | This brief is part of the efforts that the ILO Department of Statistics is undertaking to contribute to the statistical understanding and quantification of skills mismatch. The brief provides an overview of approaches to measure skills mismatch, and illustrates two approaches using data from the European Social Survey(ESS).p. 3 (Preface) |
Virtual educationIncludes aspects of both online and e-learning but goes somewhat further. While it is largely web-centric it does not necessarily limit itself to learners outside a conventional classroom. It uses multimedia and, besides delivering content, also enables a high level of interaction among learners, content, teachers, peers and administration both synchronously and asynchronously. Source: COL 2015, Global
Vocational education (VE)Education that is designed for learners to acquire the knowledge, skills and competencies specific to a particular occupation or trade or class of occupations or trades. Vocational education may have work-based components (e.g. apprenticeships). Successful completion of such programmes leads to labour-market relevant vocational qualifications acknowledged as occupationally-oriented by the relevant national authorities and/or the labour market. Source: UNESCO UIS 2013, Global
Organisation: | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) , UN |
Source: | UIS glossary (Continuously updated (Accessed in January 2016) ) |
Description: | The UIS Glossary includes statistical terms related to education, science and technology, culture, and communication.[...][Some] entries provide more detailed information, such as definitions, calculation formulas for indicators and sources. Indicators are marked with an asterisk. Website |
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